已知函数f(x)=ex﹣x2﹣ax.
(1)若曲线y=f(x)在点x=0处的切线斜率为1,求函数f(x)在[0,1]上的最值;
(2)令g(x)=f(x)+(x2﹣a2),若x≥0时,g(x)≥0恒成立,求实数a的取值范围;
(3)当a=0且x>0时,证明f(x)﹣ex≥xlnx﹣x2﹣x+1.
已知函数f(x)=ex﹣x2﹣ax.
(1)若曲线y=f(x)在点x=0处的切线斜率为1,求函数f(x)在[0,1]上的最值;
(2)令g(x)=f(x)+(x2﹣a2),若x≥0时,g(x)≥0恒成立,求实数a的取值范围;
(3)当a=0且x>0时,证明f(x)﹣ex≥xlnx﹣x2﹣x+1.
解:(1)∵f′(x)=ex﹣2x﹣a,∴f′(0)=1﹣a=1,∴a=0,
∴f′(x)=ex﹣2x,记h(x)=ex﹣2x,∴h′(x)=ex﹣2,令h′(x)=0得x=ln2.
当0<x<ln2时,h′(x)<0,h(x)单减;当ln2<x<1时,h′(x)>0,h(x)单增,
∴h(x)min=h(ln2)=2﹣2ln2>0,
故f′(x)>0恒成立,所以f(x)在[0,1]上单调递增,
∴f(x)min=f(0)=1,f(x)max=f(1)=e﹣1.
(2)∵g(x)=ex﹣(x+a)2,∴g′(x)=ex﹣x﹣a.
令m(x)=ex﹣x﹣a,∴m′(x)=ex﹣1,
当x≥0时,m′(x)≥0,∴m(x)在[0,+∞)上单增,∴m(x)min=m(0)=1﹣a.
(i)当1﹣a≥0即a≤1时,m(x)≥0恒成立,即g′(x)≥0,∴g(x)在[0,+∞)上单增,
∴g(x)min=g(0)=1﹣≥0,解得﹣
≤a≤
,所以﹣
≤a≤1.
(ii)当1﹣a<0即a>1时,∵m(x)在[0,+∞)上单增,且m(0)=1﹣a<0,
当1<a<e2﹣2时,m(ln(a+2))=2﹣ln(2+a)>0,
∴∃x0∈(0,ln(a+2)),使m(x0)=0,即e=x0+a.
当x∈(0,x0)时,m(x)<0,即g′(x)<0,g(x)单减;
当x∈(x0,ln(a+2))时,m(x)>0,即g′(x)>0,g(x)单增.
∴g(x)min=g(x0)=e﹣
(x0+a)2=e
﹣
e
=e
(1﹣
e
)≥0,
∴e≤2可得0<x0≤ln2,由e
=x0+a,
∴a=e﹣x0.
记t(x)=ex﹣x,x∈(0,ln2],
∴t′(x)=ex﹣1>0,∴t(x)在(0,ln2]上单调递增,
∴t(x)≤t(ln2)=2﹣2ln2,∴1<a≤2﹣2ln2,
综上,a∈[﹣,2﹣ln2].
(3)证明:f(x)﹣ex≥xlnx﹣x2﹣x+1等价于ex﹣x2﹣ex≥xlnx﹣x2﹣x+1,
即ex﹣ex≥xlnx﹣x+1.
∵x>0,∴等价于﹣lnx﹣
﹣e+1≥0.
令h(x)=﹣lnx﹣
﹣e+1,
则h′(x)=.
∵x>0,∴ex﹣1>0.
当0<x<1时,h′(x)<0,h(x)单减;
当x>1时,h′(x)>0,h(x)单增.
∴h(x)在x=1处有极小值,即最小值,
∴h(x)≥h(1)=e﹣1﹣e+1=0,
∴a=0且x>0时,不等式f(x)﹣ex≥xlnx﹣x2﹣x+1成立.