21世纪是海洋开发与利用的世纪。烟台的“十二五”规划确立了“蓝

21世纪是海洋开发与利用的世纪。烟台的“十二五”规划确立了“蓝色经济”发展战略,海洋化学资源的综合利用将是重点发展领域之一。

    (1)海水淡化:蒸馏法淡化海水是利用海水中各成份的             不同分离出淡水;高压反渗透膜法淡化海水是利用海水中各成份的               不同分离出淡水。

    (2)制盐:①制粗盐。从卤水中提取粗盐用的结晶方法是               。②粗盐纯化。粗盐中含有泥沙、硫酸镁、氯化钙等杂质。将粗盐溶于水,然后通过如下操作即可得到较纯的氯化钠:a过滤.b加过量的Ba(OH)2溶液;c加适量的盐酸;d加过量的Na2CO3溶液;e蒸发。正确的操作顺序是                (填字母)

(3)制碱:氨碱法制纯碱的流程图如下:

    完成图中“(   )”的内容:①            ;②            ;③           

(4)制镁:工业上一般用电解熔融状态的氯化镁制金属镁,若以卤水(含有硫酸镁、氯化钠和氯化钙)为起始原料来制取金属镁,请画出制镁的流程图。

 

答案

 (1)沸点    颗粒大小    (2)蒸发结晶    bdace(过滤可重复使用)

(3)NH3    CO2    ③加热(或热解)

42分,写出中间两步即给分)

 

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