.(2010·苏州模拟)长直木板的上表面的一端放置一个铁块,木板放置

.(2010·苏州模拟)长直木板的上表面的一端放置一个铁块,木板放置在水平面上,将放置铁块的一端由水平位置缓慢地向上抬起,木板另一端相对水平面的位置保持不变,如所示.铁块受到的摩擦力Ff随木板倾角α变化的图线在图中正确的是(设最大静摩擦力的大小等于滑动摩擦力大小)                                                      

(  )

 

 

 

 

 

 

答案

C

 解析:

本题应分三种情况进行分析:

(1)当0°≤α<arctanμ(μ为铁块与木板间的动摩擦因数)时,铁块相对木板处于静止状态,铁块受静摩擦力作用,其大小与重力沿木板(斜面)方向分力大小相等,即Ffmgsinαα=0°时,Ff=0;Ffα的增大按正弦规律增大.

(2)当α=arctanμ时处于临界状态,此时摩擦力达到最大静摩擦力,由题设条件可知其等于滑动摩擦力大小.

(3)当arctanμα≤90°时,铁块相对木板向下滑动,铁块受到滑动摩擦力的作用,可知FfμFNμmgcosαFfα的增大按余弦规律减小.

 

 

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