某同学利用如图丙所示的气垫导轨装置验证系统机械能守恒定律。在

某同学利用如图丙所示的气垫导轨装置验证系统机械能守恒定律。在气垫导轨上安装了两光电门12,滑块上固定一遮光条,滑块用细线绕过定滑轮与钩码相连。

实验时要调整气垫导轨水平。不挂钩码和细线,接通气源,如果滑块   ,则表示气垫导轨调整至水平状态。

不挂钩码和细线,接通气源,滑块从轨道右端向左运动的过程中,发现滑块通过光电门1的时间小于通过光电门2的时间。实施下列措施能够达到实验调整目标的是   

A.调节P使轨道左端升高一些

B.调节Q使轨道右端降低一些

C.遮光条的宽度应适当大一些

D.滑块的质量增大一些

E.气源的供气量增大一些

实验时,测出光电门12间的距离L,遮光条的宽度d,滑块和遮光条的总质量M,钩码质量m。由数字计时器读出遮光条通过光电门12的时间t1t2,则系统机械能守恒成立的表达式是                                      

 


答案

  能在气垫导轨上静止或做匀速运动或滑块经两个光电门的时间相等   2分)

   AB  2分)

mgL = (m + M)()2(m + M)()2    2分)

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