如图a所示的电路,电源电压保持不变.闭合开关S,调节滑动变阻器

如图a所示的电路,电源电压保持不变.闭合开关S,调节滑动变阻器,两电压表的示数随电路中电流变化的图象如图b所示,根据图象的信息可知:      (选填“甲”或“乙”)是电压表示数变化的图象,电源电压为      V,电阻R1的阻值为      Ω.

答案

解:(1)由a电路图可知,当滑动变阻器的滑片P,向右移动时,连入电阻变大,电路中电流变小,R1两端的电压同时变小,电源电压保持不变,R2两端的电压就要变大;

结合图b可知,甲是R1的U﹣I图象即电压表V1示数变化的图象,乙是R2的U﹣I图象即压表V2示数变化的图象;

(2)由图象可知,当U1=U2=3V时,I=0.15A,

∵串联电路中总电压等于各分电压之和,

∴电源电压U=U1+U2=3V+3V=6V;

∵I=

∴R1===20Ω.

故答案为:乙;6;20.

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