(2015•泰安)如图所示电路,电源电压保持不变.闭合开关S,当滑

2015泰安)如图所示电路,电源电压保持不变.闭合开关S,当滑动变阻器的滑片Pa端滑到b端的过程中,R1R2UI关系图象如图所示.则下列判断正确的是(  )

图线甲是电阻R1UI关系图象

电源电压为12V

电阻R1的最小电功率为2.7W

滑动变阻器R2的最大阻值为30Ω

 A.只有①③正确     B.只有①④正确   C. 只有②④正确  D. 只有②③正确

 

 

 

答案

C解:

UI关系图象可以看出,甲为滑动变阻器的UI关系图象,因为最后电压变为0,此时滑动变阻器的电阻为0;乙为电阻R1UI图象;

UI图象得,I=0.3A时,U=3VU=9V

电源电压U=U+U=3V+9V=12V

UI图象得,I=0.3A时,U=3V

所以电阻R1的最小电功率为P1最小=UI=3V×0.3A=0.9W

当滑动变阻器的阻值最大时,两电阻串联,干路电流最小;

由图象知:电路电流I=0.3A,滑动变阻器两端的电压U=9V

滑动变阻器的最大阻值为R2===30Ω

故选C

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