如图所示,一根电阻为R=12Ω的电阻丝做成一个半径为r=1m的圆形导

如图所示,一根电阻为R=12Ω的电阻丝做成一个半径为r=1m的圆形导线框,竖直放置在水平匀强磁场中,线框平面与磁场方向垂直,磁感强度为B=0.2T,现有一根质量为m=0.1kg、电阻不计的导体棒,自圆形线框最高点静止起沿线框下落,在下落过程中始终与线框良好接触,已知下落距离为 r/2时,棒的速度大小为v1m/s,下落到经过圆心时棒的速度大小为v2 m/s,(取g=10m/s2),试求:

1.下落距离为r/2时棒的加速度,

2.从开始下落到经过圆心的过程中线框中产生的热量.

 

答案

 

1.8.8(m / s2

2.0.44 J

解析:(1)金属棒下落距离为 时,金属棒中产生感应电动势,由法拉第电磁感应定律得,感应电动势     E=Brv1

此时,金属圆环为外电路,等效电阻为   R1== = W,

金属棒中的电流为   

金属棒受的安培力为   F = BIL= =0.12 N

mgF =ma    (1分)

得:a =g-=10-=10 -1.2 = 8.8(m / s2

(2)由能量守恒定率得    mgrQ = mv22 – 0

所以,从开始下落到经过圆心的过程中线框中产生的热量为

Q = mgrmv22 = 0.1 ´ 10 ´ 1 J- ´ 0.1 ´ ( )2 J= 0.44 J

 

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