下图所示胡萝卜的韧皮部细胞通过无菌操作接入试管后,在一定条件

下图所示胡萝卜的韧皮部细胞通过无菌操作接入试管后,在一定条件下形成试管苗的培育过程,请据图回答下列问题。

(1)要促进细胞分裂生长,培养基中应有营养物质和激素。营养物质包括    和小分子有机物,激素包括细胞分裂素和    两类植物激素。

(2)此过程需要无菌操作,主要是指对    进行消毒灭菌。B阶段需要光照,原因是_________________________________________

___________________________________________________________。

(3)试管苗的根细胞没有叶绿素,而叶肉细胞具有叶绿素,这是基因    的结果。

 

答案

(1)无机物(或矿质元素) 生长素 (2)培养基 叶绿素的形成需要光照条件 (3)选择性表达

此题综合考查了植物组织培养过程、所需条件等方面的知识。植物组织培养是用离体的植物组织或细胞接种到经消毒灭菌的培养基中,培养基中含有供组织细胞生长发育所需要的无机物和小分子有机物,还有供调节细胞脱分化和再分化的细胞分裂素和生长素。由外植体发育到试管苗,脱分化阶段细胞进行有丝分裂,再分化阶段愈伤组织经细胞有丝分裂和分化形成试管苗,此阶段需要光照,原因是叶绿素的合成需要光照条件。

 

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