Many runners and gym members feel that music makes exercise more enjoyable.However,they might not know that scientists have found that some kinds of music can improve people's energy by 15 percent.This was discovered by Dr.Costas at Brunel University's School of Sport and Education.He has worked with organizations such as Nike and with many champion athletes.In the study,thirty people listened to inspiring music by Queen,the Red Hot Chili Pepper and Madonna.They did exercise at the same time.
When they were doing exercise in time with the music,people showed higher energy levels.Even when they were doing very hard exercise,they were positive about how they felt.When people are doing exercise,their nerves（中枢神经）send messages saying that their body is getting tired.However,when they are listening to music at the same time,these messages are blocked.Dr.Costas thinks this is because the music causes part of the brain to send different messages to the body that make it feel happy and relaxed.
Dr.Costas' work shows that different types of music can have different effects on different people.The effect of some music can also depend on how tiring the exercise is.He says that people who have extroverted personalities prefer faster and louder kinds of music compared to people who have a reserved personality.This is because,for the music to have an effect,the brains of extroverted people need more stimulation than the brains of reserved people. Reserved people want to feel less worried and so have better results when the music makes them feel relaxed.
Dr.Costas was asked to provide music for the 'Run to the Beat' half marathon in the UK,and which has also now started in other countries.'I also have a lot of other exciting projects that I am working on',says Dr.Costas.One of these is to find out whether the speed of the music we listen to has an effect on our heart rate while we exercise.
32.What's the main idea of the second paragraph?
A.The messages people's nerves send say the body is getting tired.
B.When they are doing exercise,people show higher energy levels.
C.The messages their nerves send are stopped when people are listening to music.
D.When they are doing very hard exercise,people are positive about how they feel.
33.The underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably means .
A.outgoing B.moody C.sensitive D.optimistic
34.Dr.Costa probably agrees that .
A.people can improve their energy by 15% listening to music
B.the speed of music we listen to affects the heart rate greatly
C.reserved people enjoy listening to light music and slow songs
D.the same kind of music has different effects on different people
35.The passage is most probably taken from .
A.a short-story collection B.a popular science magazine C.a personal diary D.a research paper