质量为10 g的子弹,以600 m/s的速度射入木板,木板的厚度为20 cm,木板对

质量为10 g的子弹,以600 m/s的速度射入木板,木板的厚度为20 cm,木板对子弹的平均阻力是8 000 N.则子弹从木块中穿出时的速度为多大?

答案

解析:以子弹为对象,子弹在穿越木板的过程中,受到重力mg、弹力FN和摩擦力Ff(如右图所示).由于mg和FN对子弹不做功,摩擦力Ff对子弹做负功,子弹在穿越木板的过程中的初速度为v1,末速度为v2,运用动能定理:

-Ffs=mv22-mv12

代入数据得v2=200 m/s.

答案:200 m/s

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