PART FOUR WRITING
SECTION A
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
The girls in this sixth grade class in East Palo Alto, California, all have the same access to computers as boys. But researchers say, by the time they get to high school, they are victims of what the researchers call a major new gender (性别) gap in technology. Janice Weinman of the American Association of University Women (AAUW) says, "Girls tend to be less comfortable than boys with the computer. They use it more for word processing rather than for problem solving, rather than to discover new ways in which to understand information.
After re-examining a thousand studies, the AAUW researchers found that girls make up only a small percentage of students in computer science classes. Girls rate themselves significantly lower than boys in their ability and confidence in using computers. And they use computers less often than boys outside the classroom.
An instructor of a computer lab says he's already noticed some difference. Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, "Boys are not so afraid they might do something that will harm the computer, whereas girls are afraid they might break it somehow."
Six years ago, the software company Purple Moon noticed that girls' computer usage was falling behind boys. Karen Gould with the company says, "The number one reason girls told us they don't like computer games is not that they're too violent, or too competitive. Girls just said they're unbelievably boring." What girls want, Purple Moon found, is characters they can relate to and story lines relative to what's going on in their own lives. "What we definitely found from girls is that there is no intrinsic (内在的) reason why they wouldn't want to play on a computer; it was just a content thing," says Karen Gould.
The sponsor of the study says it all boils down to this: the technology gender gap that separates the girls from the boys must be closed if women are to compete effectively with men in the 21st century.
What has caused the new gender gap in technology?
I. The present situation:
Before high school: ◆Girls use computers 71 boys.
In high school: ◆Girls make up 72 in computer science classes.
◆Girls feel less comfortable with the computer.
◆Boys use computers 73 often than girls after class.
◆Boys feel more 74 when using computers.
II. The 75 of the situation:
What they do with a computer:
◆Girls prefer to use computers for _ 76 .
◆Boys prefer to use computers for 77 and understanding information.
How they feel about a computer:
◆Girls are afraid of breaking it.
◆Boys are 78 such worry.
Their 79 to computer games:
◆Girls think they are boring because the characters are irrelevant to their lives.
◆Boys don’t have such feelings.
III. The appeal from 80 :
◆The technology gender gap must be closed.