Louis Pasteur was a world-famous French chemist and biologist.
He is particularly famous for his work on rabies vaccine (狂犬病疫苗). The rabies virus enters the body through the bite of an infected animal or through infected saliva (唾液) entering an existing wound. After experimenting with the saliva of animals suffering from the disease, Pasteur concluded that the disease rests in the central nervous system of the body. By studying the tissues of infected animals — rabbits, Pasteur was able to produce a form of the virus. This could be used for inoculation (接种).
On July 6, 1885, Pasteur tested his pioneering rabies vaccine on a man for the first time. He saved the life of a young man called Joseph Meister who had been bitten by a rabid dog. Pasteur was urged to treat him with his new method. The treatment lasted 10 days and at the end he recovered and remained healthy. Since then thousands have been saved by this treatment.
On March 1886, Pasteur was invited to present his results to the Academy of Sciences and in 1888 went on to found the Pasteur Institute in Paris. This was a pioneering clinic for the study of infectious diseases, the treatment of rabies and a centre for teaching. Pasteur directed the institute personally until he died. The Pasteur Institute is still one of the most important centers in the world.
Pasteur became a national hero and was honored in many ways. He died at Saint-Cloud on September 28, 1895 and was given a state funeral at the Cathedral of Notre Dame.
Modifications (修改) of the Pasteur method are still used in rabies treatment today. A newer vaccine which contains virus prepared from human cells grown in the laboratory is safer and requires a shorter course of injections.
56. A person can develop rabies .
A. if he is bitten by a rabbit B. if he touches infected saliva
C. if infected saliva enters his wounds
D. if he touches an infected animal
57. Rabies probably can destroy a person’s .
A. nervous system B. blood
C. skin D. saliva
58. What can we learn about Pasteur’s test of his vaccine on the man?
A. The man was sent to a clinic ten days later.
B. It didn’t save the man’s life.
C. It proved to be a great success.
D. The man was his second patient.
59. After Pasteur died, the Pasteur Institute .
A. worked much better than before
B. worked well until today
C. continued to be in business for many years
D. became the most important centre in the world
60. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Pasteur’s rabies vaccine is out of date.
B. A new rabies vaccine has already been tested on patients.
C. Injections of vaccine still take much time.
D. Much improvement has been made on rabies vaccine.