(12分)两根金属导轨平行放置在倾角为θ=30°的斜面上,导轨左端接

(12分)两根金属导轨平行放置在倾角为θ=30°的斜面上,导轨左端接有电阻R=10Ω,导轨自身电阻忽略不计。匀强磁场垂直于斜面向上,磁感强度B=0.5T。质量为m=0.1kg,电阻可不计的金属棒ab静止释放,沿导轨下滑(金属棒ab与导轨间的摩擦不计)。如图所示,设导轨足够长,导轨宽度L=2m,金属棒ab下滑过程中始终与导轨接触良好,当金属棒下滑h=3m时,速度恰好达到最大值。求此过程中金属棒达到的最大速度和电阻中产生的热量。(g=10m/s2

答案

当金属棒速度恰好达到最大速度时,受力分析,则mgsinθ=F          2分)

由法拉第电磁感应定律E=BLv                                  1分)

由闭合电路欧姆定律I=                                     1分)

F=BIL                                                   1分)

由以上各式解得最大速度v =5m/s                                  2分)

下滑过程据动能定理得: mghW = mv2                          2分)

解得W=1.75J                                                 1分)

过程中电阻中产生的热量Q=W=1.75J                         2分)

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