如图所示为游乐场中深受大家喜爱的“激流勇进”的娱乐项目,人坐

如图所示为游乐场中深受大家喜爱的“激流勇进”的娱乐项目,人坐在船中,随着提升机达到高处,再沿着水槽飞滑而下,劈波斩浪的刹那给人惊险刺激的感受.设乘客与船的总质量为100 kg,在倾斜水槽和水平水槽中滑行时所受的阻力均为重力的0.1倍,水槽的坡度为30°,若乘客与船从槽顶部由静止开始滑行18 m经过斜槽的底部O点进入水平水槽(设经过O点前后速度大小不变,取g10 m/s2).求:

(1)船沿倾斜水槽下滑的加速度的大小;

(2)船滑到斜槽底部O点时的速度大小;

(3)船进入水平水槽后15 s内滑行的距离.

答案

 [解析] (1)对船进行受力分析,根据牛顿第二定律,有

mgsin30°-Ffma

Ff0.1mg

a4 m/s2.

(2)由匀加速直线运动规律有

v22ax

代入数据得v12 m/s.

(3)船进入水平水槽后,据牛顿第二定律有:

Ffma

故:a′=-0.1g=-0.1×10 m/s2=-1 m/s2

由于t止=-va′=12 s<15 s

即船进入水平水槽后12 s末时速度为0

船在15 s内滑行的距离:xv02t止=1202×12 m72 m.

[答案] (1)4 m/s2 (2)12 m/s (3)72 m

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