从原子结构解释,第二周期元素中的Be与B,N与O的第一电离能出现不

从原子结构解释,第二周期元素中的Be与B,N与O的第一电离能出现不符合规律的现象。

答案

Be与B,N与O虽同样电离第一个电子,但这个电子在原子中的环境不完全相同,Be(2s2)s能级全充满是稳定状态,而B(2s22p1)电离一个p电子造成全空较稳定状态,所以I1(B)<I1(Be)。N的2p3能级具有半充满稳定状态,电离一个电子困难,而它后面的O(2p4)则失掉一个p电子变成半满稳定结构,故I1(O)<I1(N)出现了不符合规律的现象。

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