2009年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予伊丽莎白·布莱克本等三名美国科学

2009年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予伊丽莎白·布莱克本等三名美国科学家,以表彰其在研究衰老方面作出的巨大贡献。他们发现位于染色体两端的一种特殊构造(端粒)与细胞衰老有关,它会随着细胞分裂而变短。癌细胞中存在延长染色体端粒的酶。据此推断,癌细胞能无限增殖的原因最可能是(    )

A.原癌基因和抑癌基因选择性表达     

B.控制端粒酶合成的基因发生突变

C.控制端粒酶合成的基因选择性表达   

D.癌细胞膜糖蛋白的种类与数量减少

答案

C


解析:

此题结合热点信息考查学生对细胞癌变的理解。由题目的信息“端粒与细胞衰老有关,端粒随着细胞的分裂次数增多变短,癌细胞中存在延长染色体端粒的酶”可知衰老的细胞端粒变短,癌细胞的端粒没变短。可推测癌细胞能无限增殖与它的端粒能延长有关,端粒能延长的原因是控制端粒酶合成的基因选择性表达。细胞癌变的根本原因是原癌基因和抑癌基因发生基因突变。癌细胞膜糖蛋白的种类与数量减少是癌细胞的特点。

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