如图1-1-6,梯形ABCD中,AB∥CD,G、H分别是梯形对角线的中点.图1-1-6探讨GH

如图1-1-6,梯形ABCD中,AB∥CD,G、H分别是梯形对角线的中点.

1-1-6

探讨GH与AB、CD的关系.

答案

解析:

猜想当A、B重合,AC与BC重合,

梯形变为三角形,如图1-1-6.

由三角形中位线定理知GH=CD.

一般地,GH肯定与AB有关,可能GH=(CD+AB)或GH=(CD-AB).

通过观察,GH不大于CD,所以猜想GH=(CD-AB).

下面给出证明.

证明:如图1-1-7,

1-1-7

连结AH并延长交CD于E.

∵AB∥CD,∴∠ABH=∠EDH,BH=DH,

∠AHB=∠EHD.

∴△ABH≌△EDH.

∴AH=EH,AB=ED.

又∵AG=CG,∴GH=CE

=(CD-ED)

=(CD-AB).

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