President John Kennedy was a reader and writer．President Lyndon Johnson was a listener．President Johnson didn’t do as well as he could in the White House because he thought he had to follow Kennedy’s way of learning and absorb everything through writing．As well written as those reports were, he couldn’t understand them as well as Kennedy．It wasn’t until many years after the White House that Johnson recognized what type of learner he was．Now, all we can do is think of the possibilities of how different the United States would be right now if he learned sooner．
Eisenhower was a reader and writer．During the war, Eisenhower insisted that all questions be presented in writing before each press event．His press events, outstanding and memorable because of his ability in writing, opened his path to Washington．In Washington, Eisenhower, now required to be a listener and respond right away, found it very difficult to learn and think．His country no longer had the full benefit of his evolutionary（渐进的）learning intelligence．
Our school system teaches by listening and reading and not writing．This is why many writers’ in high school and college do poorly in lecture-type classes．When asked to test based on lecture, they usually receive an unsatisfactory grade for their level．When allowed to read and hand in a report, they do well．When permitted to process the information in writing, they add to classroom conversations in outstanding ways, many times moving the information in evolutionary new ways or depths．
What type of learner are you?
1．President Johnson didn’t do in White House as well as he could because ________．
A．he didn’t follow President Kennedy’s way of learning sooner
B．he didn’t realize what type of learner he was sooner
C．he didn’t learn to read and write well sooner
D．he didn’t read and write well enough
2．One of the reasons why Eisenhower could be President of the United States was that he was good at ________．
A．reading B．writing C．listening D．speaking
3．Why didn’t America fully benefit from Eisenhower’s intelligence after he went to Washington?
A．Because he was less interested in politics．
B．Because his aging affected his decision-making．
C．Because his way of learning had to start all over again．
D．Because the work in Washington didn’t match his way of learning．
4．It is inferred in the third paragraph that ________．
A．something is wrong with our school system
B．teachers should give students more chances to write
C．students should try to learn everything well in school
D．learners of different type are good in different fields
5．The best title for the text would be ________．
A．Learning to Be President B．Knowing What Type of Learner You Are
C．The Best Way to Learn D．The Sid e Effects of Wrong Ways to Learn